Gitting into Version Control

An Introduction to Git

Charelle Collett

charcol@redhat.com

@charcol0x89

Stop me if there's anything you don't understand!

Why use version control?

Why use version control?

Keeps a change history of every file

Branches let you, or several people, work on things concurrently

Auditing - where features were introduced, who worked on what

Not a replacement for backups!

Why Git?

Used by popular code hosting services like Gitlab, Github & Bitbucket

Creates a full copy of the whole repository (unlike SVN)

Open source

Powerful features

Remote repository

Local copy

Local copy

Local copy

Server

Collaborator

Collaborator

Collaborator

"Don't try use git's features - that's how you break things"

GITTING Started

Install git:

apt-get install git

dnf install git

yum install git

Xcode Command Line Tools

Github for Windows:

http://windows.github.com

GITTING Started

Initialise the repository:

Clone an existing repository:

#  With --bare it doesn't create a working directory:
#  A good idea for shared repositories

$ git init --bare <directory>

$ git clone <URL>

GITTING Started

$ git config --global user.name "Charelle Collett"

$ git config --global user.email "charcol@redhat.com"

$ git config --global --edit

# Remove --global to change settings for a single project

Edit the config:

COMMITING

$ git status

See what changes will be applied:

$ git add <filename>

Add files to commit:

$ git commit -m "message"

Commit your changes:

$ git log

See the history:

Branching

master:

new feature:

experiment based on new feature:

Branching

$ git checkout -b <name-of-branch>

Create a new branch:

This is shorthand for:

Move to a different branch:

$ git checkout <name-of-branch>

$ git branch <name-of-branch>

$ git checkout <name-of-branch>

Pushing / PUlling

$ git push

Remote repository

Local copy

Push your local changes to the remote repository:

$ git pull

Pull new changes from the remote repository to your local copy:

Server

Collaborator

REMOTES

$ git push <remote> <branch>

Push to a specific branch:

Show connections to other repositories:

$ git remote -v

$ git pull <remote>

Pull from a certain remote:

$ git remote add <name> <url>

Add a remote:

$ git remote rm <name>

Remove a remote:

# Only push to a
# bare repository!

GIT Config

.git/config

$ git config --edit

[branch "new-feature"]
	remote = origin
	merge = refs/heads/new-feature

More terms

Upstream: original source of the code

Fork: a copy of the code

Merge request / pull request: avenue to submit changes

Other useful things...

* cherry-pick

Take a commit and apply it to another branch

* rebase

Change the point where your changes are based

* stash

Save your changes locally (without committing) so you can switch branches

* squash

Combine several commits into one

* patch

Export changes as a patch that can be applied later

* .gitignore

List of files that git should ignore

* diff

See differences between commits

* blame

See who was responsible for changes

More Info

Git documentation:

https://git-scm.com/book/en/v1/Getting-Started

Atlassian's git tutorial:

https://www.atlassian.com/git/tutorials

Github / Code school interactive tutorial:

https://try.github.io/levels/1/challenges/1

Codecademy interactive tutorial:

https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-git

Thank you!

Questions?

Charelle Collett

charcol@redhat.com

http://redhat.slides.com/charellecollett/deck-1?token=E29yEW2p

@charcol0x89